Learn why training a large language model (LLM) from scratch is a complex and costly process that requires a lot of expertise and resources, and why most organizations use pretrained LLMs instead.
Question
Most organizations have the capability to train large language models (LLMs) from scratch.
A. False
B. True
Answer
A. False
Explanation
Training a large language model (LLM) from scratch is a complex and costly process that requires a lot of expertise and resources. Most organizations do not have the capability to do so, and instead use pretrained LLMs and fine-tune them for specific tasks or domains. The main challenges of training a LLM from scratch are:
- Data: A LLM needs a large and diverse text dataset, which can be hard to collect and preprocess. For example, GPT-3 was trained on over a trillion words from the internet.
- Compute: A LLM needs a powerful and scalable compute infrastructure, which can be expensive and difficult to set up and maintain. For example, GPT-3 used 3.14E23 FLOPS of compute, equivalent to 355 years of a single GPU.
- Model: A LLM needs a suitable model architecture, such as transformers, which can be challenging to design and optimize. For example, GPT-3 has 175 billion parameters, making it the largest LLM to date.
- Training: A LLM needs a robust training process, which can involve tuning hyperparameters, monitoring metrics, and debugging errors. For example, GPT-3 took several months to train on a cluster of thousands of GPUs.
Only a few organizations, such as Google, OpenAI, and Anthropic, have the ability to train LLMs at the scale of billions or trillions of parameters. Most other organizations rely on using pretrained LLMs, such as ChatGPT or GPT-3, and fine-tuning them for specific tasks or domains. This approach is more feasible and efficient, as it leverages the general language knowledge learned by the LLMs and adapts it to the desired use case.
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